Because the "Old Testament" corresponds to the Christian "New Testament", the Jews did not use the name "Old Testament", but adopted the name "Hebrew Bible". The Torah also refers to the entire Hebrew Bible, and even extends to the Oral Law, including the Talmud. All in all, it is the spiritual cornerstone of the Jewish people, shaping the Jewish national identity for thousands of years and influencing the emergence and rise of Christianity and Islam until now. The Torah cultivates people's virtues through religious thought, has clear and specific ethical norms, and acts as a "holy nation" by obeying God's will. If Jews are fish, then the Torah is water, without water, fish cannot survive.
Through the interaction of ethnicity and religion, the Jewish people have a sense of duality of ethnicity and religion. This is also the basis for the restoration of the Jewish state after nearly two thousand years of losing their land. To eliminate language and writing is to eliminate thought and tradition. For thousands of years, although the Jews of the diaspora spoke the local language, they all used Hebrew as a language of scholarship and worship, and insisted on writing raster to vector conversion in Hebrew. Therefore, Hebrew played a cohesive role in the Zionist movement in Israel, bringing a long-standing language of study back into Jewish life. After the restoration of the country, Hebrew has become a daily language again, which further verifies the immeasurable influence and role of language and writing on a nation.
After Christianity appeared, one of the differences between Judaism and Judaism was the understanding of scriptures. Christian theologian Origen believed that the Hebrew Bible was superseded by the New Testament, while Rabbi Yohanan believed that the Hebrew Bible was derived from the oral Torah, which is Rabbi's interpretation of it and finally perfected. Since then, the second "Bible" in the eyes of the Jews - "Talmud" officially appeared. The Talmud consists of 20 volumes.